Corporate Social Responsibility Essay - 1334 Words

The term Corporate Social Responsibility refers to a company’s responsibility to provide a benefit to the society the company affects. Corporate social responsibility incorporates dimensions of corporate responsibility, and corporate policy which include a company’s policy to hire minority or disabled workers, or taking a stance on social and political issues that benefit the community. The social portion of corporate social responsibility includes corporate charitable business contributions and expands on this common social business practice by invoking corporate social initiatives. For example, as a policy, Wal-Mart grocery store managers purchase as much produce and goods from local farmers and distributors they can as opposed to†¦show more content†¦A company practicing corporate social responsibility has a greater chance of thriving within a community because of the benefits they provide to the community, while continuing to be profitable in their area of business. There are times though, when corporations use social responsibility as a management fad or public relations ploy. For example, hot dog vending companies may package their hot dogs with labels stating their brand of hot dog is healthier than another when in truth the hot dogs are manufactured in the same plant, and are identical. There are corporations that also exploit the green movement by incorrectly labeling their products or putting green dots on aerosol cans to make them look green, when in fact chlorofluorocarbons have been banned in the U.S. since 1978, and no aerosols contain them. With all of this being said, corporate social and environmental responsibilities are more important today than they have ever been in the past, to benefit society and protect the environment. This is also true because of the interdependent and imperiled world we live in. Business’s today are more interdependent on each other than they have ever been in the past. It is very common for corporations to outsource portions of its operations to other companies throughout the world. As these types of interdependent relationships increase, the relationships become more complicated, and the need forShow MoreRelatedCorporate Social Responsibility : Corporate Responsibility773 Words   |  4 PagesCorporate social responsibility may also be referred to as corporate citizenship and can involve spending finances that do not directly benefit the company but rather advocate positive social and environmental change. The soul in the next economy forum presentation made it evident that achieving corporate social responsibly in a company can reap major benefits in terms of finances, more inspiring workplace and customer satisfaction. In the past, companies mistakenly thought that corporate socialRead MoreCorporate Social Responsibility1990 Words   |  8 PagesCorporate social responsibility is becoming a key initiative and an essential tool in the growth of multinational corporations and the development of third world countries throughout the globe. The two concepts can work hand in hand to provide benefits for all; however difficulties in regulating and implementing corporate social responsibility need to be overcome before effective changes can be made. Definitions of corporate social responsibility can be somewhat varied depending on the perceptionRead MoreCorporate Social Responsibility1904 Words   |  8 PagesCorporate Social Responsibility The different aspects of corporate social responsibility (CSR) have been the topic of considerable debate since the last decades of the twentieth century. Main factor for the increased interest on the part of stakeholders in this topic are the increased public awareness and interest in the corporate social responsibility following the Information Revolution. This essay will assess the dangers and benefits of the business ethics for most of the stakeholders – employeesRead MoreCorporate Social Responsibility : Corporate Responsibility2819 Words   |  12 PagesIntroduction For the past years, corporate social responsibility also referred, as corporate conscience has been a respected subject for discussion. Corporate social responsibility, unquestionably, contains more viewpoint than simply worried about the ecological impacts of associations. It came in people groups mind at the later 1880, time of essential modern advancement that associations ought to think about the thought of social obligation. Associations that are near to social obligation issues got toRead MoreCorporate Social Responsibilities2100 Words   |  9 PagesSustainability requires monitoring and managing all the person to ensure that our economy and society can continue to exist without destroying the social and natural environment during development. The sustainability includes three pillars, which are economic, social and environment, forming a triple bottom line. The triple bottom line demands that a company s responsibility lies with stakeholder rather than shareholder. The stake holder is a party who can be affected or affect by the action of the company suchRead MoreCorporate Social Responsibility15903 Words   |  64 PagesCORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY (CSR) is a term describing a company’s obligation to be accountable to all of its stakeholder in all its operation and activities. Socially responsible companies consider the full scope of their impact on communities and the environment when making decisions, balancing the needs of stakeholder with their need to make profit. A company’s stakeholders are all those who are influenced by and can influence a company’s decisions and action, both locally and globally. BusinessRead MoreCorporate Social Responsibility3253 Words   |  14 PagesLiving Dangerously in Two Worlds In my paper I will be discussing the topics related to corporate social responsibility. Corporate social responsibility (CSR, also called corporate responsibility, corporate citizenship, and responsible business) is a concept whereby organizations consider the interests of society by taking responsibility for the impact of their activities on customers, suppliers, employees, shareholders, communities and other stakeholders, as well as the environment. This obligationRead MoreCorporate Social Responsibility : Corporate Responsibility2819 Words   |  12 PagesIntroduction For the past years, corporate social responsibility also referred, as corporate conscience has been a respected subject for discussion. Corporate social responsibility, unquestionably, contains more viewpoint than simply worried about the ecological impacts of associations. It came in people groups mind at the later 1880, time of essential modern advancement that associations ought to think about the thought of social obligation. Associations that are near to social obligation issues got toRead MoreCorporate Social Responsibility : Corporate Responsibility2818 Words   |  12 PagesFor the past years, corporate social responsibility also referred, as corporate conscience has been a respected subject for discussion. Corporate social responsibility, unquestionably, contains more viewpoint than simply worried about the ecological impacts of associations. It came in people groups mind at the later 1880, time of essential modern advancement that associations ought to think about the thou ght of social obligation. Associations that are near to social obligation issues got to be worryRead MoreCorporate Responsibility And Corporate Social Responsibility Essay1867 Words   |  8 PagesStevan Jakovljevic Professor Laud MGT 3550 Values, Ethics and Sustainability 10/18/16 Chapter 3: Define corporate responsibility (CSR). Describe the benefits. Why do some executives support CSR while others find it troublesome and argue against it? Corporate social responsibility is what a company uses to self-regulate itself and refers to business practices involving initiatives that benefit society. A business’s CSR can encompass a wide variety of tactics, from giving away a portion of a company’s

Crime Control Model And The Due Process Model - 903 Words

American Criminal Justice System The criminal judicial system in America has two main models, the crime control model and the due process model. There has been several debates on which model is the most effective in combating crime in America. Crime control model emphasizes on crime reduction by increasing prosecution powers (Hung-En, 2006). On the other hand, the due process model of crime control aims at increasing the people’s rights and liberty and limiting governmental powers. Unlike the due process model, the crime control model believes in with an increase in governmental powers and reduction of individual freedom in order to mitigate crime in the society. However, the due process model emphasizes on the role of individual liberties in reducing crime. It believes that when given freedom and liberties, people have the ability to eliminate crime in the society. Based on the rate of crime in the society, the crime control model is the most effective to reduce crime. One of the key differences between the two models is in their perception of crime repression. Crime control model asserts that the criminal justice system should aim at crime repression as its most important function in order to reduce crime in the society. The due process model, however, asserts that a criminal justice system should be deliver fairness and follow the set processes and procedures when delivering justice. The crime control model believes that a criminal judicial system should focus onShow MoreRelatedThe Crime Control Model And The Due Process Model2122 Words   |  9 PagesHerbert Packer, a Stanford University law professor, developed two models of the criminal justice system (CJS) in the United States, the crime control model and the due process model. This has now been implemented and applied to the CJS of England and Wales and there are several examples of due process and crime control measures which this CJS is made up of. The due process model relies on the underlying principle that an individual cannot be deprived of liberty, property, or even life without appropriateRead MoreCrime Control Model And The Due Process Model1327 Words   |  6 PagesThere are two models of the criminal process. The two model of the criminal process are the crime control model and the due process model. Both of these models are bring used in the criminal justice system. The two models give understanding to the values of the criminal law with that in mind these two modes are not absolute. Herbert Packer articulates the values of the criminal justice process between due process which is emphasis on the right of an individual and crime control model sees the regulationRead MoreCrime Control Model And Due Process Model1823 Words   |  8 PagesThe Crime Control Model and the Due Process Model are very important parts of our criminal justice system. Without both of these models in our system it throws things off balance and causes a lot of problems. Over the past many years our Criminal Justice System has changed and with these changes we have found better ways of keeping our system balanced. In order for our system to continue to stay in balance then the Crime Control Model and Due Process Model need to be used together. The Crime ControlRead MoreCrime Control Model Vs. Due Process Model Essay1614 Words   |  7 Pagesindividual whom commit crime the crime control model vs. due process model. There has been an ongoing intense debate over which criminal process works best for the United States and its citizens. Should individuals be given the right to be innocent until proven guilty? Or should individuals be placed in jail before being convicted of the crime? Should individual’s rights be thrown out as soon as they are assumed guilty of a crime? Or should individuals keep their rights regardless of a crime committed? AnotherRead MoreThe Crime Control Model and the due Process Model in The Brothel Boy 576 Words   |  3 Pagesare two main models in the criminal process, the crime control model and the due process model. The crime control model focuses on repression of crime in a speedy and conclusive way. The use of â€Å"presumptions of guilt† speeds the process up because very litt le evidence is needed against the suspect for them to be considered guilty. In this model, it is believed the laws should be stricter, the police force should be increased, and the sentences should be more intense. The due process model has more stepsRead MoreDue Process Model versus Crime Control Model Essay834 Words   |  4 Pagestypes of models that are found in the English criminal justice system. These are the crime control model and the due process model. They vary in their characteristics and are considered to take divergent objectives. Basing on their evident differences, one of them is actually considered being more effective than the other if the new wave and rate of crime being witnessed in the society is anything to go by. This paper therefore seeks to identify some of the differences between these models and pointRead MoreThe Consensus, Crime Control, and Due Process Models Essay1630 Words   |  7 Pagesconsists of models and theories that often contradict one anoth er. Of these models are the crime control model, the due process, model, the consensus model and the conflict model. In this paper these models are evaluated and defined, as well as each entity in the criminal justice systems role within each model. Policing, corrections and the court system all subscribe to each model in some way and in a hurried manner in cases that dictate such a response. As described by Erik Luna in the Models of CriminalRead MoreEssay about Comparing the Due Process and Crime Control Model860 Words   |  4 Pagesbetween due process, and crime control model, as well as assessing which one is more effective with stopping crime in today’s world. One of the first things we need to look at is, what is the due process model? It is a model in which there is the assumption that every effort needs to be done to ensure that an innocent person is not convicted of a crime. It adheres to the belief of strict evidence, which means to show beyond a reasonable doubt that the person actually committed the crime, and theRead MoreDue Process1391 Words   |  6 PagesDue Process And Crime Control Models Criminology Essay ukessays.com /essays/criminology/due-process-and-crime-control-models-criminology-essay.php Due Process The basis of the due process model is formal structure. When used correctly, the due process model protects the rights of suspects accused of various crimes. The due process model reduces many errors that occur during the investigation, arrest, evidence gathering, and trial. Due process does not support much of the evidence that is usedRead MoreCriminal Procedure Essay1419 Words   |  6 PagesThe due process and crime control models, both created by Stanford University law professor Herbert Packer, represents two opposing method of principles functioning within criminal justice system. Although the models describe the important facets of the politics and practice of criminal justice, both have been criticized since presented by Packer in 1964. Presently both models are acknowledged as imperfect standards to explain the politics and law of criminal justice. The crime control ideal represents

Capstone Paper Free Essays

An accomplished leader is a strong communicator, motivator and problem solver. Building teams, motivating employees, measuring client needs and managing conflicts are some of the critical tasks of a leader. The definition of leadership is â€Å"the ability to inspire confidence and support among the people who are needed to achieve organizational goals† (Durbin, 2). We will write a custom essay sample on Capstone Paper or any similar topic only for you Order Now This is the primary goal of a good leader however I believe the leader needs to have a certain number of characteristics or traits in order to provide this to his/her employees. Loud have to say that the most important traits of a good leader are a passion for the work and the people, self-confidence and trustworthiness. I think that it is crucial for a great leader to be passionate bout the work that they do as well as the team that they are leading. Within my current role as a Senior Business Support Coordinator, we’re required to take on a leadership role on an almost daily basis. One particular instance that recall of which I had to take on a complete leadership role was during a snow storm. I was one of the only seniors or management that was actually able to make it into the office. With the few of us that were actually able to make it into the office, took control and distributed all of the cases that needed to be handled that day. I made sure we had appropriate phone overage and triages all incoming work that was received. On this day with short staffing we were able to handle all of the cases that were due for that day and we had not late reports to our home office or the FDA. The association amongst effective performance evaluations and employee morale is very close. Actually, one of the core reasons to evaluate employees is to encourage them. As a leader, this is an opportunity to reinforce things an employee does well and provide correction and planning for areas that need improvement. It is important to understand that performance evaluations re definitely a necessary evil, however the process chosen to evaluate one’s employees needs to be considered very carefully. Problem Statement The issues with performance evaluations are not within the systems themselves but in how they are administered. It is hard for an employee to deal with a negative performance evaluation in general. However, it is even harder to deal with a performance evaluation that one would consider average when the employee may feel that their work performance level is really much higher. Research Design This capstone paper will consist of taking a anonymous poll within my apartment of my co-workers in regards to how they feel about how the process of performance evaluations are handled with our organization. How these performance evaluations and promotions affect their work performance and feeling about the company. Results of Study Within my company we have a system in which we used called the UP system. This system has all of our goals that are cascaded down from out managers. Within the product safety department the majority of all our goals are group goals so it is extremely hard to stand out individually. It allows for a â€Å"loafer to receive the same rewards because the other’s pick up the slack and still hey look good in return. In December and January of each year the employee lists their progress, weight goals, lists any accomplishments, year- end self-appraisal on UP/LDAP (Individual Development Plan) and we submit them to our manager. The manager and employee then discuss to ensure everything is clear and accurate. The manager then obtains feedback and input on the employee’s performance and behavior from others and participates in calibration. Calibration is a system of checks and balances that ensures the employee’s performance is rated as fairly, objectively and equitably as possible. The next step to the UP process is to have the manager draft UP year-end appraisal considering employee’s self-appraisal, input and managers own observations. Here is where the issue in my opinion comes into play. It is understandable that feedback is necessary in order for managers to make an accurate assessment of the employee’s performance and behavior. When the managers meet to discuss ratings they are allowed to provide input on each employee even if they do not directly work with that employee. How is it possible to make an assessment on an employee’s performance or behavior if a manager is not directly working with them at any time? I believe the feedback should come directly from those that work directly with the employee so that a true assessment and feedback Can be given. We are also required to attach to our UP system is a form that is called an DIP or Individual development plan. The purpose of this form is to set long term goals for your career path and your manager is supposed to help you GU did. After all this has been performed at the end of the year and an assessment has been performed a rating is applied to the employee. How to cite Capstone Paper, Papers

Healthcare free essay sample

The Health and Safety Act started in 1974 and is a policy that insures that the conditions you work in are safe and prevents you or anyone else getting injured or hurt at work. In my current work area we uphold the Health and Safety Act by 3 simple steps:- 1. Always tidy or clean up after yourself. 2. Report any damages or anything that could be a risk to yourself or another member of staff or a patient. 3. Communication. Failing to comply with the Health and safety Act could result in a Heavy fine, Imprisonment and works worst of all a serious accident to someone. To prevent this it is everyone’s responsibility to communicate with each other, clean up after ourselves and report anything that you think that might cause an accident. That includes not just the staff but patients, contractors as well we are all part of one big Team. Manual Handling CU2667 5. 1-5.2 The Manual Handling Policy is there to teach us how to lift properly and move patients properly and how to use the right equipment without causing harm or injury to either yourself, a team member or a patient. To uphold this policy we do 3 things:- 1. You always access what your about to do before you do it. 2. You always lift in the correct manner and if it needs someone else to help don’t be afraid to call for assistance. 3. You always make sure you use the right equipment eg. Rota stand, Hoist. Failing to do adhere to the policy and not follow the different techniques in the right way could result injury for either yourself or the patient or both parties. Could mean a lengthy time off sick and possible unemployment. Also the NHS could be sued for gross negligence. COSHH CU2667 6.1 COSHH means the Control Of Substances Hazerdous to Health. Which means you before using any chemical you should always check the date and the label on  how to use it properly. Never use anything that’s not been labelled, store chemicals away safely and in the proper place. Never mix chemicals and always wear the correct PPE (Personal Protective Equipment). In my working environment we use couple of different types of chemicals such Cloraclean tablets, and disinfectant wipes for cleaning. To use any of these items 1st you check the label. 2nd wear the correct PPE . We always make sure we discard in the correct place according to the instructions. We also deal with bodily fluids and we always use the right chemicals to clean up messes. Failing to follow the right procedure could result in a serious accident to both yourself or another party. Security The security policy in the Hospital is to make sure that all belongings for both Staff and Patient are put away in a safe place and valuables locked away. Also to make sure all medication are locked away in a secure location and to make sure staff and patients are safe from harm. At work we uphold these procedures by locking all medication away in drug cabinets that are attached to their lockers with the nurse in charge the only one with keys to the lockers. All staff keep their belongings in either their lockers or the staff room which is locked at all times with a pin code. The pin code is only known to the staff and if we have agency staff come on to ward to work we let them into the staff room. We keep the main doors to the ward closed at all times. Failing to adhere to this policy could result harm to staff and patients. If the no valuables are locked away properly they could go missing. If the staff room isn’t locked and the pin code is shared with everyone then there is a chance your valuables could go missing. Infection Control CU2667 4.1, CU311 2.1-2.2, CU311 1.1-1.2 The Infection Control policy is in place to make sure that there is no cross contamination and spread of contagious diseases are isolated and kept away from the rest of the ward and hospital. If gives us rules to follow on what we should when handling patients and what to do in between patients for example like the correct way to wash your hands and what PPE to wear. On the ward we uphold these policies by putting signs on our side rooms to let anybody who intends to go into the room know what PPE to wear. We wash our both before and after helping with a patient. We also wear the correct PPE  when needed. We all have a part to play in this both staff and patients, all staff need to adhere to the policy and wash hands when they need to pay attention to signs that say barrier room and follow the instructions for what to wear when they go into the room. Patients need to acknowledge the rules and if asked not to leave a side room or ward they shouldn’t. Failing to follow procedure could result in an outbreak of an infection or disease like Diahorrea and Vomiting for an example. It could result in having less staff at work as a result of sickness, and the ward being closed. RIDDOR RIDDOR is part of the Health and Safety Act of 1974 and deals with serious injuries and dangerous diseases that could result in outbreaks and was brought about in 1995. RIDDOR itself means:- R = Reporting I = Injuries D = Diseases D = Dangerous O* = Occurrences/ R = Regulations To prevent us from ever having to fill in a RIDDOR form we need to make sure that all accidents are reported so we can learn from them on not make the same mistake. Always make sure you follow all signs when they tell you to wear PPE. Always make sure where ever working is clean and tidy when you start something and just the same when you’ve finished. Failing to fill in a RIDDOR form could result in imprisonment and a hefty fine. HCA code of conduct The HCA code of conduct consists of 7 key things and they are the following:- 1. Any action you take at work you need to be able to answer to if the case arises. 2. At all times you have to make sure that every patient has privacy, dignity and at all times have /their rights. 3. You need to be able to work with others members of staff within the NHS or any support staff that come in from outside the NHS at all times for the best needs of the patient. 4. With all members of staff and patients you need to be able to communicate clearly and effectively.5. Always be mindful of confidentiality. 6. Always strive to improve the healthcare that you give and try to improve yourself within the industry. 7. Always be mindful of Equality and Diversity. To adhere to the code of conduct we are always respectful of people’s different religions, culture or disability and treat everyone the same as each other. We always pull curtains when dealing with patients and doing any examinations or washes. On the ward we always have a different variety of NHS employees for example doctors, physios, occupational therapists and at all times we all strive to communicate and work to together so the patients get the best care. Failing to adhere to the code of conduct could result in the health of the patient getting worse, you could be brought in front of a board of inquiry and could potentially lose your job. Risk Assessment CU2667 2.1, CU2666 7.2 A Risk Assessment is a part of the Health and Safety Act, and it is all about assessing any situation and judging if that area or anything that your doing is safe and if it isn’t brain storm some ideas to reduce the risk factor and prevent any accidents. With anything you do at work you always judge in your head to see if it is safe to that job, like for example:- 1. When dealing with infection control issues on the ward we always have to look at are we wearing the correct PPE are they in the right place eg. Side room. What else can we do to prevent cross contamination. 2. When doing our observations on patients at 10am you’ve always got to make sure that the blood pressure machine is in correct working order, is clean and safe to use on patients. 3. When helping patients have a wash by their bedside you always look at is the area clear and free from debris and that the patient is in the right position to have a wash like in her chair or bed. Do you need help. Failing t o do any sort of Risk Assessment could result in harm coming to both you and the patient and result in not complying with the Health and Safety Act which could result in loss of job, a fine or imprisonment. Fire CU2667 7.1a-7.1b The Fire policy is again part of the Health and Safety Act and tells us what to do if a fire breaks out and how to prevent a fire like for example complete risk assessments, keeping all areas clear and most importantly let everyone know what the fire policy is. In consequences of failing to uphold  this policy could in the ward burning down and patients or staff getting injured or loss of life. Consent CU2666 3.1 Consent is very important policy without it you cannot proceed with anything at work, be it something simple like blood pressure or something alittle more serious like surgery. The patient needs to know exactly what your doing and when your doing it. The three types of consent are:- 1. Written – All written consent must be recorded in the doctor’s notes. 2. Verbal – Patient states consent 3. Implied – When a patient cooperates in a manner without talking it over or formal consent. But at all times with everything there must be a clear explanation of what your doing and good communication. We always ask for consent like when we are doing blood pressure, taking blood to check Diabieties and doing pressure checks. If you don’t ask for consent and the patient really doesn’t want something done but you go ahead anyway then you are breeching their human rights and you could lose your job, get taken to court and fined. Confidentiality/Data Protection CU2479 1.1, 2.1, 3.1-3.2 Confidentiality and Data Protection policy means that all staff by signing their contract are all committed to keeping all patient information and staff information is kept in a safe controlled, secure confidential area and kept away from prying eyes. So only staff have access to the information. To uphold this policy we keep all doctor’s notes in the ward clerk’s office so they are away from patient’s visitors and none NHS staff. Also only doctor’s and staff nurses can get to patient’s information on the computer. If a family member phones we can only give them information about how they have been through the night and day but you cannot give them any medical information over the phone. We have both manual and electronic ways of storing information, manually we have doctor’s notes which all staff must fill in when dealing with that patient during the day. Electronically we store information on the computer. Failing to uphold these policys co uld result in loss of your job in breeching data protection and the wrong information giving out to the wrong person if they phone. As NHS staff we should follow the Caldecott Principles which are:- 1. Justify the purpose. 2. Do not use personally indentifiable information unless necessary. 3. Use the minimum of personally identifiable information. 4. Identifiable information should be on a strict need to know basis. 5. Everyone be aware of their responsibilities. 6. Understand and follow the law. Human Rights/Privacy and Dignity This policy is all the patient and that as patients they all get treated in the right manner, you have to respect all their beliefs and cultures and try to understand their points of view. If they don’t want information shared or don’t want to see someone you follow the patient’s wishes. When a patient is having a wash, seeing a doctor, being sick you always protect them by pulling the curtains around them to stop everyone from looking and seeing what’s going on. If you breech human rights you could lose your job and the NHS could be taken to court. Sphere of Competence CU2667 1.4 CU2546 2.1 A Sphere of competence is important because it tells everyone and yourself what you are capable of doing you can only find out your competence level by how much training do and how much experience you have in using your training. At any time you feel you need more training in a pacific area and you don’t feel confident in doing something you should always let your line manager know or the nurse in charge on that day. The 6 things I would not do because of no training are:- 1. Issue of medication 2. Taking blood 3. Inserting a catheter 4. Inserting patient information on the computer. 5. Speaking to a family member about any medical information. 6. Touching IV pumps when they are going or alarming. Anything that I do at work I am liable for everything and would need to be able to answer any questions about my actions if any came up.

German Concentration Camps and Japanese

Introduction Japanese-American internment refers to the repositioning and confinement by the United States administration of about 110,000 Japanese Americans and Japanese to base camps popularly referred to as War Relocation Camps. This took place in 1942 following Imperial Japan’s assault on Pearl Harbor. Those detained were drawn from the Pacific seaside of the United States.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on German Concentration Camps and Japanese-American Internment Camps specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The incarceration of Japanese Americans was carried out lopsidedly right through the United States. Japanese Americans who resided on the west shoreline on the United States were each incarcerated (World War Two – Japanese internment camps in the US). On the other hand, in Hawaii which held over 150,000 Japanese Americans, who accounted for a third of the region’s populace, between 1,200 an d 1,800 Japanese Americans were incarcerated. 62 percent of the persons interned consisted of American nationals. President Franklin Roosevelt consented to the incarceration with Executive Order 9066 that he gave on February 19, 1942. The order consented to home armed forces commanding officers to allocate military regions as segregation areas from which any or the entire people may be barred. This order was used to announce that all persons of Japanese origin were barred from the whole Pacific coast, as well as the entire California and for the most part of Oregon and Washington, with the exception of the individuals in incarceration base camps. Later on in 1944, the Supreme Court supported the consistency with the law of the incarceration orders, at the same time as maintaining that the orders that discriminated persons of Japanese origin were a separate matter not in the range of the procedures. The United States Census Bureau lent a hand to the incarceration efforts through offe ring top secret region information on Japanese Americans. The body’s partaking was refuted for decade but was at last confirmed in 2007.Advertising Looking for essay on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More During this period Nazi Germany as well upheld concentration camps all over the regions it was in charge of. The initial Nazi concentration camps were to a great extent spread out in Germany following the Reichstag fire in 1933. These camps were going to detain political detainees and challengers of the administration. The amount of camps went up fourfold in the period from 1939 to 1942 (Clay, 122). This was due the increasing number of detainees who composed of Jews, Bohemians, political detainees, crooks, homophiles, the psychologically ill and others were detained, by and large minus trial or court process. Japanese-American Internment Camps Around 110,000 and 120,000 persons of Japanese origin were subject to this mass incarceration course. The other one third were not citizens as they had been refuted the chance to achieve citizenship by regulations that barred Asian-descent nationals from ever attaining citizenship. The detainees in these camps were put up in tar paper-enveloped quarters of plain structure erection minus plumbing or cookery provisions of any form (World War Two – Japanese internment camps in the US). These provisions were at par with international regulations, but at the same time left much to be desired. A majority of these base camps were put hastily by civilian outworkers in the summer of 1942 founded on blueprints for armed forces quarters, making the constructions poorly set for overcrowded family existence. Armed security officers kept vigil at the camps, which were all in far-off, uninhabited areas far from population centers. Detainees were usually permitted to live with their families and were well treated as long as they obeyed the set rules. There are authenticated cases where security officers shot detainees who allegedly tried to walk outside the fences. One such incident led to the re-assessment of the security regulations at the camps. A number of managements later permitted reasonably free movement outside the marked barriers of the camps.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on German Concentration Camps and Japanese-American Internment Camps specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More German Concentration Camps Conditions were pathetic in the German Concentration Camps as compared to those in Japanese-American Camps. A lot of detainees lost their lives through purposeful mistreatment, illness, malnourishment, and doing too much work. Others were deliberately put to death as they were considered unfit to work. The detainees were moved in atrocious conditions by rail stowage cars. A lot of them lost their lives in these even before getting to their destination. They got l ocked up for several weeks without essential commodities such as food and water. A lot of them lost their lives due to dehydration in the extreme high temperatures of summer or the freezing temperatures of winter (The Nazi Death Camps). After 1942, a lot of small base camps were established close to industrial units to offer forced labor. Conditions were inhumane and detainees were in most times sent to gas compartments or killed if they did not carry out their duties fast enough. Towards the closing stages of the battle, the camp bases were turned into sites for therapeutic try outs. Many things were reformed in the camps including medications to detainees. Female detainees were more often than not sexually assaulted and demeaned in these camps. Since 1943 to 1945, the Allies focused on setting the camps free even though it was a bit late. Works Cited David Clay, â€Å"Contending with Hitler: Varieties of German Resistance in the Third Reich†, p.122 (1994). The Nazi Death Ca mps – Middle Tennessee State University. 2009 – April 23, 2011. www.mtsu.edu/~baustin/holocamp.html World War Two – Japanese internment camps in the US. 2010 – April 23, 2011. www.historyonthenet.com/†¦/japan_internment_camps.htmAdvertising Looking for essay on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This essay on German Concentration Camps and Japanese-American Internment Camps was written and submitted by user Am1ra to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

When to Abbreviate, Etc.

When to Abbreviate, Etc. When to Abbreviate, Etc. When to Abbreviate, Etc. By Mark Nichol When is it appropriate to abbreviate words? The answer to this question, as with many matters in writing, is not a simple one: It depends on type of content and the degree of the content’s formality. In technical publications and scholarly journals, abbreviation of statistical information or references to dimensions and durations abounds. Furthermore, the American Medical Association’s manual of style dictates that periods be omitted in many abbreviations. However, in general content intended for professional publication, consider whether to abbreviate, especially in contexts in which multiple various abbreviations might be distracting. Social titles such as Mr., Mrs., and Ms., are usually superfluous altogether but are abbreviated when they appear, except in generic usage such as â€Å"Hey, mister!† Doctor is abbreviated before a name but otherwise spelled out, as is saint. (Note, however, that cities and other geographic designations differ in using Saint or St.; consult a resource to verify the correct style for a particular location.) Military and quasi-military ranks are spelled out or abbreviated depending on context, but as with other titles, they should be spelled out in isolation (for example, â€Å"The captain returned the salute†). Regarding i.e., that abbreviation and its close cousins e.g. and etc. are convenient, but they are no improvement on the English equivalents (â€Å"that is,† â€Å"for example,† and â€Å"and so on,† respectively). Style for scholarly journals is to use the abbreviations in parentheses and spell out the English phrases outside parentheses, but this distinction is not recommended for general-interest publications; avoid them altogether. Names of countries and other geopolitical entities are usually spelled out as nouns but abbreviated as adjectives (â€Å"the United States,† but â€Å"the US economy†); note in the previous example that periods in such designations, as in most other capitalized abbreviations, are unnecessary. Designations of thoroughfares, like many other words, can be abbreviated in lists or in graphics where space is at a premium, but generally spell out such terms as avenue, road, and street even when they are part of an address. Titles of senior corporate executives- CEO, COO, and CIO, for instance- are almost always abbreviated in all references, but VP (â€Å"vice president†), SVP (â€Å"senior vice president†), and the like are generally spelled out in all instances. Corporate terms such as PR (â€Å"public relations†) and HR (â€Å"human resources†) can be spelled out or abbreviated depending on context; they’re likely to be spelled out in a formal report and probably will be abbreviated in a casual reference in a mass-market book. Academic degrees are often abbreviated after a person’s name, but it’s better to refer to someone receiving a bachelor’s or master’s degree or a doctorate rather than a BA, an MA, or a PhD. Likewise, â€Å"curriculum vitae,† or the plural form â€Å"curricula vitae,† is preferable to CV. References to media such as CDs and DVDs are ubiquitous (or at least were before they began to give way to online access to music and films), and there’s no need to spell those initialisms out. (You’d likely have to look up that DVD originally stood for â€Å"digital video disc,† though the second word has since been supplanted by versatile. And who knows, or cares, that URL stands for â€Å"uniform resource locator†? The initialism will do in all cases.) However, words for parts of a book or other printed publication should be spelled out (for example, â€Å"In my copy, chapter 6 starts on page 47†), and MS or ms, for manuscript, should be used only in informal contexts. No. is sometimes used as an abbreviation for number in phrases such as â€Å"No. 1†; it’s a compromise between spelling the word out and using the number symbol (#). The abbreviation for versus, vs., is acceptable in informal content, as is OK. (Okay is a common variant, but the initials are more accurate; the most likely derivation of OK is the jocular misspelling â€Å"oll korrect,† the only survivor of a short-lived flurry of such locutions coined during the nineteenth century.) Terms of distance and duration, such as foot and hour, are generally spelled out when accompanying numerals except in technical writing, as are designations such as Celsius and Fahrenheit; the same is true of phrases such as â€Å"miles per hour† and â€Å"pounds per square inch.† However, the abbreviations am and pm, often capitalized and/or with periods, are always acceptable, though a phrase such as â€Å"one o’clock in the morning† is appropriate for a casual reference in fiction or nonfiction. Abbreviations are much more likely to be employed in ephemeral publications such as newspapers than in more durable materials such as books, though formality varies widely in the latter format; online usage differs as well. Ultimately, the careful writer will consult a style guide appropriate to the type of print or online publication for guidance or at least will consciously consider the visual and cognitive impact of abbreviation. (See this post for more guidance on abbreviations, and search for â€Å"abbreviations† on DailyWritingTips.com for additional assistance.) Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Style category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:30 Synonyms for â€Å"Meeting†50 Synonyms for "Assistant"Personification vs. Anthropomorphism

Micro enterprises Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Micro enterprises - Essay Example equires ethical values that will enable them treat the workforce equally, regardless of the gender, race, religion, culture and abilities (Harvey, 2012). Through adopting a non-discrimination policy, the leaders can afford to treat all the members of the workforce with equality, thus promoting the feelings of appreciation amongst the workforce. The creation of teams and groups that embraces and comprises of different elements of the workforce serves to promote the management of diversity, in that all the members of the workforce feels considered and represented in the groups and teams. Valuing and considering the contributions made by all members of the workforce serves to make the workforce more vibrant, creative and innovative, in that they feel that their ideas and inventions will be recognized and appreciated by the organization (Jeffs, 2008). Receiving and treating the grievances and the concerns raised by members of the workforce, without discrimination or favoritism on any basis that creates diversity in the workforce, is another successful step towards having the leaders of the macro enterprises manage the diversity of the workforce specializing in decision support system (Harvey, 2012). Through the effectiveness of diversity in the workforce, the leaders are assured of a motivated team, which guarantees success. Some characteristics are relevant for small business to be considered as appropriate in the selection process for developing the decision support systems. A small business requires being technologically oriented, an aspect that serves to ensure that the business is in a position to test and try novel technological innovations, ensuring that they can develop a system that is most appropriate for the business (Power, 2002). This is most essential since technology keeps changing and the types of decisions to be made are dynamic, thus calling for constant improvement in the business DSS so established. Another requisite characteristic of such a

Inferential Statistics (m4c) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Inferential Statistics (m4c) - Essay Example Therefore, identification of the population among whom the new and the current combination of drugs are to be compared is necessary. Let the population thus selected be the adult and adolescent population in the United States. There are literature considering differential effectiveness of highly active antiretroviral therapy among patients of different gender and race. (King et al., 2008; Campo, Alvarez, Santos, & Latorre, 2005). However, part of the difference may be attributed to availability of the drug, following the prescribed regimen and lifestyle, rather than any inherent difference in genetic composition. Nevertheless, it will be a good policy at the initial stage to limit the experiment among adult and adolescent Caucasian males to protect against possible confounding effects. Once the population is identified, a sample of specific size needs to be selected. The sample size will depend on the power of the testing procedure, which is outside of the purview of the present consideration. Current guidelines recommend start of antiretroviral therapy when the disease has progressed to WHO Stage III when CD4 cell count is less than 350/ÃŽ ¼l. This may be taken to be the baseline criterion for inclusion. Also, the standard guidelines for adherence to the protocol, testing for baseline resistance etc must be satisfied to be included in the drug testing. Any one of these regimens needs to be chosen for the new drug to be compared against. Ideally this experiment would be a matched case-control study. Two HIV/AIDS patients with very similar profiles with respect to advancement of disease, CD4 cell counts, age, sexual orientation and other possible factors that may have bearings on the disease are to be randomly assigned either to the cocktail drug regimen or to the new drug regimen. However, there may be ethical consideration to such assignment. Without informed

Geography - British Colonisation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Geography - British Colonisation - Essay Example The maritime adventures of the 16th century naval and merchant seamen were responsible for the extension of English economic power throughout the Atlantic to North America and the Caribbean, to promote trade for the home country. â€Å"Obsession with maintaining colonial production led to policies that encouraged the development of labour in the new territories† argues Page (75). Consequently, religious dissidents in England such as the Puritans were subjected to unfavourable treatment which compelled them to flee to the newly discovered land of America by the 15th century. Similarly, indentured labourers were sent away from the British Isles to distant colonies, while slave trade from Africa continued to be carried over several centuries, for subjugation and slavery. The British colonization of India along with trading rivalry from other European powers resulted in their extending their mercantile principles to India by the early 17th century. By the 18th century, British imp erialism spread to Australia as well. In the 19th century, Africa, New Zealand and Canada were brought under British colonization. In the 20th century radical changes took place in the British Empire, besides its separation into dominion and colonial divisions. By the mid-20th century, massive decolonizations led to the achievement of independence by many British colonial areas, although some marginal regions remained in the colonial fold. Thesis Statement: The purpose of this paper is to investigate British Colonization across the globe, over several centuries of British Imperialism. Colonization and Expansion of the First British Empire James A. Williamson observes that because there was no scope for ambitious land expansion by the British, colonization had to be undertaken overseas. English sea-power primarily emerged and developed during the Middle Ages, and by the Tudor era (1485-1603) seafaring took lasting hold of the imagination of the people. Thus, British colonization and expansion must take into account the beginnings of sea-power, and its development driven by geographical, political, and economic factors (Williamson 3). The first British empire was established in the Americas between the 16th to 18th centuries by emigrants fleeing from Britain to escape the religious rule and harassment. Thus, by the early 19th century, Britain formed an empire spanning the seas by emigration to the newly discovered land of America which was the homeland of native Indians since ancient times. Gradually, â€Å"multiplication of the colonial stock began to transform British North America from a fringe of maritime possessions into a territorial nation† (Williamson 6). In South Africa, the same process resulted in Cape Colony being taken over as a predominantly naval station on the British route to the East. In Australia, the coasts occupied for a distinctive administrative purpose drew immigrants who spread into the interiors. British expansion into New Zealan d took place against the wishes of the imperial government, states Williamson (6). Thus, the four distinct regions of North America, South Africa, Australia and New Zealand were taken over by the growing population of British immigrants who overflowed into unoccupied borderlands. Establishment of the Second British Empire Establishment of the Second British Empire included the expansion of British colonial rule in India from

Communication in Teaching | Reflection

Communication in Teaching | Reflection Given what you have experienced during the first 21 hours of this study unit, reflect on an experience which involved communication, listening, group building or teamwork or conflict management skills (or any other skills covered in this part of the course) which occurred either during your personal secondary schooling or during your school observations throughout this year. Analyse and reflect upon this experience as explained in your course information sheets. The Value of Interpersonal relationships Interpersonal skills are important for human relationships to initiate, maintain and terminate one`s relationships. According to Johnson Johnson as cited in Johnson (2006) emphasis is made on the fact that â€Å"relationships are the key to your humanness, psychological health, personal identity, social, cognitive, and moral development, ability to cope with stress and adversity, self-actualization, educational and career productivity, and physical health.† On the other hand Johnson (2006) states that â€Å"it is only within constructive relationships that you may improve your interpersonal effectiveness and self-actualization.† (p. 25) Experiences are the most effective situations in life that help the individual to mature, learn and develop his/her personality. Every experience serves as a guideline so as not to repeat the same wrong encounters or methodologies that happened in the past. We must therefore work hard to acquire strong interpersonal skills which enable us to communicate and interact well with each other. Concrete Experience I will be discussing my personal experience with my pupils during secondary school in form three. I used to make part of a group of students in a church school who used to participate and help the school to organise fund raising activities. In the beginning of form three I was encouraged by my friends to be nominated for the students` council elections. Elections for the Council used to be held at the beginning of every scholastic year. Each class was asked to elect one representative for a two-year term. These elections were class-based and overseen by the Class Tutor. I was elected as one of the student council representative. My main tasks included promoting a greater environmental awareness. I was also responsible for the publication of leaflets regarding topics of interest in the school community, organising activities such as casual dress day in aid of charity and Christmas class decoration competition. We also used to organise fund raising activities to complement the school`s main annual fund raising event. The Council used to meet regularly once every month and this helped us to feel part of the school environment. Being members of the school council, together with the school administration we had the opportunity to set up the exams timetable for the half Yearly and Annual examinations. The teacher that used to monitor the students` council was very caring, helpful, understanding and down to earth. She used to encourage us to organise different activities for the benefit of the school. I was one of ten students from the secondary area. Our relationship was friendly and team oriented. We worked hard to reach targets and our criticism towards each other was always of a constructive nature. In fact we could freely discuss work related matters and find solutions to the difficult situations that arose from time to time. We were all hard workers, responsible for our actions and were capable to work well without supervision. As a team, we used to give feedback to the teacher who was responsible who helped us finalise our ideas about any particular activity. Before implementing a school activity every representative from each class used to discuss the matter with her classmates so as to ensure fairness with everyone. Furthermore, working with such a great team and with an understanding teacher was of utmost pleasure and satisfaction. We organised many other activities such as hot dog day, yogurt day and car wash day where parents contributed by bringing their cars to school on a Saturday morning and the students had to was h the cars. These activities were very instrumental in raising funds for the school. We also organised a play for Prize Day and decorated the school hall for that particular occasion. I also had to give a helping hand in the layout of the invites. I remember, Prize Day was held in March and we were awarded a prize for loyalty, teamwork and sense of responsibility. This was the result of the hard work and sense of commitment. We provided a good overall performance in our team and we built a good rapport with our teachers, assistant heads and the head of school. The school theatre needed continuous maintenance to be more welcoming for the students and the staff. So we tried our best to organise lots of activities to gain funds for this purpose. Unfortunately, this came to an end when the teacher responsible for our students` council was pregnant and she had to go on maternity leave. She was replaced by another teacher but things began to change very rapidly. The group started to disagree about lots of things being discussed as the teacher responsible was not doing her utmost to help us work for the school. I tried my best to get on well with everyone, however, difficult people tend to pose more challenging situations. The new teacher had difficult methods and ideas and her approach towards the school administration and staff was also different. Scheduled meetings used to be cancelled by the teacher in charge on a regular basis, due to other commitments, making it more difficult for us to communicate with each other. The fact that the entire group was bothered and cooperation was lacked it made me feel uneager to work and participate. I tried to do my very best to adapt to the situation. I decided to take action about the situation because the group was split due to disagreements. So I discussed the issue with the group and we agreed to talk to the new teacher about the problem. She tried to understand our concerns and provide a solution to our dilemma but it seemed that her ineffective management skills showed poor results. The school theatre remained in the same state as the school did not have enough funds to cover the costs for refurbishment. Reflection My own experience within the teams I worked for tended to have both positive and difficult times. These may be the result of the diversity of characters as well as the different approaches which one implements in order to tackle the various situations. In everyday life one comes across all types of circumstances and this also applied to me nonetheless. Looking at a glance at the beginning of my experience, when I was elected as a student council representative, I can tell that working with students and the teacher was a remarkable experience. This was because I could deal openly with all of them. Moreover, I was trained how to work within a group and to share ideas all for one aim. Later on, I was asked to organise and help out with the play for Prize Day. This was indeed a challenge for me because I had never organised anything of the sort that was so important for the school. It was my first experience. However, everyone was helpful and reliable and I learnt a lot of skills from different tasks. This was not an easy job and since I had to deal with other students and the school administration, it was difficult at times to handle their needs. Being part of a students` council made me feel responsible for the other students and one has to try his/her best to meet others` request in the best possible way. One could understand certain complaints raised by students whenever an activity was not very well met by the others. At the end, our group together with the teacher who was responsible for the Council tried to adapt according to the needs and priorities of the school. But as Council representatives we all worked hard to gain trust from students and the school administration and this made it possible for us to work hand in hand with them. We managed to build a good relationship. It is worth mentioning that we had strict rules to follow especially with regards to finance and we were very careful to choose certain activities that were educational and appealed to the school. We used to deal with these delicate situations in a calm atmosphere and we often tried to find out a win-win situation. The time spent working together was an amazing experience and our mutual support gave us a strong sense of unity. This helped us create a tranquil environment making it possible to increase productivity. Our effort was noted by the school administration and we were shown gratitude by being awarded a prize during the prize day. The goals we achieved and the positive feedback made us feel beneficial to the school and this gave us a great sense of satisfaction. However, this attitude changed completely when the teacher responsible for the students` council had to resign due to pregnancy. Another teacher came to replace her and since then things changed for the worse. Our work became more difficult since the new teacher was unfamiliar to our routine and we had to start from scratch explaining the whole process to her. We were encountering various arguments and although I never took sides certain unwanted behaviour left a negative impact on me. I was not used to working in such an environment and I could not concentrate in carrying out my tasks due to certain conflicts. The new teacher was not taking the council seriously. We met for a very few times and planned fewer activities than before. She created a sense of lack of collaboration and indifference within the group and the students used to spend more time arguing rather than working. The team was changing and I was not feeling part of them. I am quite a hard worker and I wanted to do my u tmost to overcome such a de-motivating situation. I did not want to hinder my sense of commitment as if I knew that I was capable of offering a better service. Our teacher was authoritarian and she did not accept suggestions from members of the team. In fact I was very surprised when she tried to understand our queries and was trying to do her best. However, nothing happened and our plans to modernise the school theatre remained unchanged as the school did not have enough funds for that type of refurbishment. The group split up and everyone ended working alone without any agreement. Skills Needed and Skills Reflected Upon The above description shows my first experience when being part of an effective group which came to an end. We had outstanding communication skills both verbally and non-verbally. Besides, our first teacher used to listen to our views and suggestions and this encouraged the participation of all concerned whilst the second teacher was indifferent to our ideas and lacked responsibility. The school administration seemed to have a sense of leadership yet it was always open to our suggestions each time a difficulty arose. The group was created with the aim of working for a common goal and we all managed to develop a positive attitude towards each other. This was accomplished since our main objective was to give our utmost. Participation, determination and enthusiasm were the ingredients that made the group functioning well. Bearing in mind the content level, the procedural level and the socio-affective level as priorities of our agenda, helped us to keep strong. Every day was a new challe nge for us and we never took each other for granted. The latter fostered respect among us. At first it was an effective group since goals were clarified and changed for the best of the group and everyone worked in a cooperative way. Communication was two – way, open and accurate expression of both ideas and feelings were empathised. Self-actualisation, innovation and interpersonal effectiveness were encouraged. (Comparison of Effective and Ineffective Groups-Lecture notes.) The strong sense of leadership skills could be felt as we worked and participated together to reach one goal and lots of activities were accomplished. It was important for us to establish clear goals and discuss with our superiors the issues related to our tasks. The relationships between us, the teacher and the school administration were a positive one. We were always welcome to bring forward our opinions, and our suggestions were respected even though they were not always applied. Furthermore, we really felt part of a team since our synergy was used wisely to enhance the smooth running of our s tudent council group. Thinking back, I now realise that although we used to negotiate well with the school administration, it would have been very relevant if we were offered some training during PSD lessons. Such sessions could have been targeted to tackle assertiveness as this would have been very helpful in the future and also to know how to deal with problems and with various characters where assertiveness was the order of the day. Therefore the skill to take unpopular decisions when these were really needed in order to be fair with the rest of the group members was of utmost importance. Unlike the beginning of the first group, when the first teacher in charge resigned and another teacher took over, the group communication became one-way and ideas were only expressed; feelings were suppressed or ignored (lecture notes.) In other words, I consider the group as ineffective. First and foremost our teacher was not open for discussions and she rarely held any meetings. This was a result of lack of communication. Personally I think that I have adequate verbal and non-verbal communication skills, although I still believe that there is always room for improvement especially in stressful situations. However, it was very difficult to reach a compromise within this team. Assertiveness was far away from reality. Our teacher’s leadership skills were very unproductive. As a result the team members were either passive or aggressive. She needed to organise herself and integrate us within one group since her system was drifting us apart each and every day, and eventually the g roup was split in two. An effective leader should possess the skill to inspire. Our teacher needed to be the person who should have encouraged us by sharing with us her enthusiasm towards a positive attitude. Unfortunately, synergy failed since she adopted a two ways and two measures attitude with regards to managing her students. It was her responsibility to support every member and create an honest and trustworthy environment. This would have improved our relationship, which would have in turn been possible to exchange ideas in order to identify and reach goals. Hard to admit, this change de-motivated me. The entire group was frustrated and adopted a different approach. Before it was more challenging and satisfying and I tried to do my best to adapt to the new situation. I decided to act on the new situation because the group was split due to disagreements. So I discussed the issue with the group and we had agreed to talk to the new teacher about the problem. In spite of these difficulties and apathy among the members I still tried to take action to re-unite the group. With regards to the unproductive attitude which was adapted by the new teacher and which led to unwanted circumstances, I feel that I still need to improve my self confidence when facing an unfair situation. Furthermore, our supervisor did not have the right skills to manage a group and to acknowledge our problems. She lacked assertiveness and she was not capable of addressing individuals. She could not delegate the right tasks to the right members and maintain collaboration t o raise funds for the school. At this point she should have held a meeting every month instead of cancelling meetings every time. It was essential to discuss and work on the positive issues and to improve negative ones as well as finding possible solutions to reach a consensus. Active listening which includes a psychological level by listening attentively to both verbal and non verbal content of another speaker and physical level were lacking in the approach adopted by the new teacher towards us. The physical level entails the word ‘SOLER’ (lecturer notes) S- Face the person SQUARELY, O- Adopt an OPEN position, L- Remember that it is possible at times to LEAN toward the other person, E- Maintaining good EYE-CONTACT, R- Try to be relatively RELAXED while engaging in these behaviours. (Lecture notes – Listening and Non-verbal attending: SOLER). Despite all the encounters with many people who may have different opinions and characters, I believe that one should still do his/her best in order to create a positive approach. Every individual should feel the need of contributing towards the creation of an enjoyable life within a community. This helps us reveal our identity and makes it much more possible to integrate healthily. Last but not least, although one may come across difficult people in life who restrain cooperation s/he should also keep in mind that these people are a minority. Mandela (2012) states that â€Å"If you talk to a man in a language he understands, that goes to his head. If you talk to him in his language, that goes to his heart.† On the other hand Johnson (2006) emphasises that â€Å"to live is to communicate! All life communicates in some way. Communication is the foundation for all interpersonal relationships, and our daily lives are filled with one communication experience after another.† References Johnson, D. W. (2006). Reaching Out (ninth edition ed.). USA: Pearson International Edition. Sarah Bonello

A True Betrayal Of Nature :: essays research papers

In Mary Shelley's Frankenstein, Victor betrays nature by creating the Monster. It is the responsibility of nature, and not man, to create human beings. Victor has done something unnatural, he has created life after death, "I have created a monster." Victor is soon punished for interfering with nature when his own creation turns against its creator. The monster murders William Frankenstein, Victor's brother; Henry Clerval, Victor's best friend; and Elizabeth Lavenza, Victor's bride. The Monster kills all those that are closest in Victor's life in a form of retaliation for Victor's creation of a monster, one without a companion, one rejected by all of civilization. "I determined to seek that justice which I vainly attempted to gain from any other being that wore the human form" (Frankenstein, p.136, line 13). It is the death of Victor's family that signifies his punishment " I have never seen a man so wretched a condition" (Frankenstein, p.20). Victor's repentance comes in two parts: when he decides to destroy his own creation: "I am going to unexplored region, to 'the land of mist and snow;' but I shall kill no albatross, therefore do not be alarmed for my safety" (Frankenstein, p.15, line 25) and when the blame shifts from Victor to the Monster, and the Monster decides to kill himself "Cursed, cursed creator! Why did I live?" (Frankenstein, p.132, line 1). The penance is done by the end of the book and the Monster is removed from civilization. However, that is not to say that Victor is absolved of his betrayal. Victor is in constant sorrow for his creation because it caused the death of so many in his life. In the poem "The Rime of Ancient Mariner," the mariner betrays nature by murdering the Albatross: "I had killed the bird that made the breeze blow" (AM, p.08, line 52). The Albatross represents nature. The representation is meaningless to the mariner until he sees the how things are quickly changed after the death: "Water, water everywhere, nor any drop to drink" (AM, p.10, line 02). Finally, after suffering, and losing his entire crew, the mariner realizes the Albatross as a symbol of nature and he comprehends the evil he has done. The mariner receives a sufficient punishment, "I looked upon the rotting sea, and drew my eyes away; I looked upon the rotting deck, and there the dead men lay" (AM, p.18, line 11). After the killing of the Albatross and the loss of the mariner's crew, his suffering include having his soul in agoney soon afterwards.